Maths

Even and Odd Numbers

Class 3

🎯 Learning Objectives

📖 Let Us Begin!

Ravi has 10 marbles. He wants to share them equally between himself and his friend. Can he do it? Yes! Each gets 5 marbles. No marble is left over.

Now Ravi has 7 marbles. Can he share them equally between 2 people? No! One marble will be left over.

Numbers that can be shared equally into 2 groups are called even numbers. Numbers that cannot be shared equally into 2 groups are called odd numbers.

Understanding Even Numbers

What are Even Numbers?

A number is even if it can be divided into 2 equal groups with nothing left over.

The first few even numbers are: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 ...

Even numbers always end in 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.

Think about it: Is 26 even? Look at the last digit -- it is 6. Yes, 26 is even!

What are Odd Numbers?

A number is odd if it cannot be divided into 2 equal groups. There is always 1 left over.

The first few odd numbers are: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 ...

Odd numbers always end in 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9.

Think about it: Is 43 odd or even? The last digit is 3. So 43 is odd!

The Simple Trick -- Just Check the Last Digit!

You do not need to divide the whole number by 2. Just look at the last digit (the ones place).

Last digit isThe number is
0, 2, 4, 6 or 8Even
1, 3, 5, 7 or 9Odd

This trick works for any number, no matter how big! Is 5738 even? Last digit is 8 -- yes, it is even.

Even and Odd Numbers on a Number Line

On a number line, even and odd numbers come one after the other: 1 (odd), 2 (even), 3 (odd), 4 (even), 5 (odd), 6 (even) ...

After every even number comes an odd number, and after every odd number comes an even number.

Writing the Next Even or Odd Number

The next even number after 14 is 16 (add 2). The next odd number after 21 is 23 (add 2).

Even numbers: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ... (keep adding 2). Odd numbers: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ... (keep adding 2).

Examples

Example
Example 1: Is the Number Even or Odd?

Is 84 even or odd? The last digit is 4. Since 4 is in the list 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 -- the number 84 is even.

Example
Example 2: Sorting Numbers

Sort these numbers into even and odd: 13, 28, 35, 40, 67, 72.

Even: 28, 40, 72 (last digits 8, 0, 2). Odd: 13, 35, 67 (last digits 3, 5, 7).

Example
Example 3: Next Even and Odd Numbers

The next even number after 36 is 38. The next odd number after 49 is 51.

📝 Key Words

WordMeaning
Even numberA number that can be divided into 2 equal groups (ends in 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8)
Odd numberA number that cannot be divided into 2 equal groups (ends in 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9)
Last digitThe digit in the ones place (rightmost digit)
Equal groupsGroups that have the same number of things
⭐ Key Points to Remember

✏️ Practice Questions

A. Fill in the Blanks
1. A number that ends in 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8 is called an number.
2. A number that ends in 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9 is called an number.
3. The next even number after 58 is .
4. The next odd number after 73 is .
5. To check if a number is even or odd, look at the .
B. Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of these is an odd number?
(a) 24(b) 37(c) 50(d) 86
2. The number 120 is:
(a) Odd(b) Even(c) Neither(d) Cannot tell
3. Which pair has both even numbers?
(a) 11, 22(b) 34, 56(c) 45, 68(d) 19, 30
C. Write Even or Odd
1. 47 is
2. 100 is
3. 555 is
4. 1234 is
D. Sort into Even and Odd
1. Even numbers:
2. Odd numbers:
E. Short Answer
1. Write all even numbers between 31 and 41.
2. Anita says 0 is neither even nor odd. Is she correct? Why or why not?
🎨 Think and Do -- Fun Activity

Even-Odd Hunt: Look at the roll numbers of 10 students in your class. Write each roll number below and mark whether it is even or odd.

Roll NumberLast DigitEven or Odd?

How many roll numbers are even? __________ How many are odd? __________

Want to use this as a worksheet? Switch to the A4 printable view.

Learning Objectives
Let Us Begin!

Ravi has 10 marbles. He wants to share them equally between himself and his friend. Can he do it? Yes! Each gets 5 marbles. No marble is left over.

Now Ravi has 7 marbles. Can he share them equally between 2 people? No! One marble will be left over.

Numbers that can be shared equally into 2 groups are called even numbers. Numbers that cannot be shared equally into 2 groups are called odd numbers.

Understanding Even Numbers

What are Even Numbers?

A number is even if it can be divided into 2 equal groups with nothing left over.

The first few even numbers are: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 ...

Even numbers always end in 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.

Think about it: Is 26 even? Look at the last digit -- it is 6. Yes, 26 is even!

What are Odd Numbers?

A number is odd if it cannot be divided into 2 equal groups. There is always 1 left over.

The first few odd numbers are: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 ...

Odd numbers always end in 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9.

Think about it: Is 43 odd or even? The last digit is 3. So 43 is odd!

The Simple Trick -- Just Check the Last Digit!

You do not need to divide the whole number by 2. Just look at the last digit (the ones place).

Last digit isThe number is
0, 2, 4, 6 or 8Even
1, 3, 5, 7 or 9Odd

This trick works for any number, no matter how big! Is 5738 even? Last digit is 8 -- yes, it is even.

Even and Odd Numbers on a Number Line

On a number line, even and odd numbers come one after the other: 1 (odd), 2 (even), 3 (odd), 4 (even), 5 (odd), 6 (even) ...

After every even number comes an odd number, and after every odd number comes an even number.

Writing the Next Even or Odd Number

The next even number after 14 is 16 (add 2). The next odd number after 21 is 23 (add 2).

Even numbers: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ... (keep adding 2). Odd numbers: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ... (keep adding 2).

Key Words and Meanings
WordMeaning
Even numberA number that can be divided into 2 equal groups (ends in 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8)
Odd numberA number that cannot be divided into 2 equal groups (ends in 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9)
Last digitThe digit in the ones place (rightmost digit)
Equal groupsGroups that have the same number of things
Examples
Example 1: Is the Number Even or Odd?

Is 84 even or odd? The last digit is 4. Since 4 is in the list 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 -- the number 84 is even.

Example 2: Sorting Numbers

Sort these numbers into even and odd: 13, 28, 35, 40, 67, 72.

Even: 28, 40, 72 (last digits 8, 0, 2). Odd: 13, 35, 67 (last digits 3, 5, 7).

Example 3: Next Even and Odd Numbers

The next even number after 36 is 38. The next odd number after 49 is 51.

Key Points to Remember
Practice Questions

A. Fill in the Blanks

  1. A number that ends in 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8 is called an number.
  2. A number that ends in 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9 is called an number.
  3. The next even number after 58 is .
  4. The next odd number after 73 is .
  5. To check if a number is even or odd, look at the .

B. Multiple Choice Questions

  1. Which of these is an odd number?
    (a) 24(b) 37(c) 50(d) 86
  2. The number 120 is:
    (a) Odd(b) Even(c) Neither(d) Cannot tell
  3. Which pair has both even numbers?
    (a) 11, 22(b) 34, 56(c) 45, 68(d) 19, 30

C. Write Even or Odd

  1. 47 is
  2. 100 is
  3. 555 is
  4. 1234 is

D. Sort into Even and Odd

Numbers: 15, 22, 39, 44, 61, 78, 83, 96

  1. Even numbers:
  2. Odd numbers:

E. Short Answer

  1. Write all even numbers between 31 and 41.
  2. Anita says 0 is neither even nor odd. Is she correct? Why or why not?
Think and Do -- Fun Activity

Even-Odd Hunt: Look at the roll numbers of 10 students in your class. Write each roll number below and mark whether it is even or odd.

Roll NumberLast DigitEven or Odd?

How many roll numbers are even? __________ How many are odd? __________