English

Verbs and Tenses

Class 4

🎯 Learning Objectives

📖 Let Us Begin!

Imagine you are telling your friend about a cricket match. You might say: "Rohit hit a six yesterday. He plays very well. He will score a century tomorrow!" Notice how the verb changes depending on when the action happens -- yesterday, today, or tomorrow. This change in the verb is called tense. Let us explore all three tenses and learn how verbs behave in each one.

What Are Tenses?

A tense tells us the time of an action. There are three main tenses:

1. Present Tense -- The action is happening now or happens regularly.

"Meera reads a book every evening."

2. Past Tense -- The action already happened, before now.

"Meera read a book last night."

3. Future Tense -- The action has not happened yet; it will happen later.

"Meera will read a book tomorrow."

Think about it: When you say "I ate rice," is the eating happening now, or is it already over? That is how you decide the tense!

Regular Verbs -- The -ed Rule

Most verbs form their past tense by adding -ed at the end. These are called regular verbs.

play → played, walk → walked, cook → cooked, help → helped

Spelling tips:

If the verb ends in e, just add -d: dance → danced, bake → baked.

If the verb ends in a consonant + y, change y to i and add -ed: carry → carried, study → studied.

If a short verb ends in consonant-vowel-consonant, double the last letter: stop → stopped, clap → clapped.

Irregular Verbs -- They Break the Rules!

Some verbs do not follow the -ed rule. Their past tense forms are completely different. You must learn these by heart.

Present TensePast Tense
gowent
eatate
writewrote
seesaw
comecame
givegave
taketook
makemade
Think about it: Can you say "I goed to school"? No! The correct form is "I went to school." That is why irregular verbs need special attention.

Future Tense -- Using "Will"

To talk about something that has not happened yet, we use "will" before the verb.

"I will visit my grandmother next week."

"They will play kabaddi after school."

"Anu will write a letter to her friend."

The verb after "will" always stays in its base form (no -ed, no -s).

📝 Key Words

WordMeaning
TenseThe form of a verb that shows when an action happens
Regular verbA verb that forms its past tense by adding -ed
Irregular verbA verb whose past tense does not follow the -ed rule
Base formThe simplest form of a verb (e.g., go, eat, play)
Future tenseA tense that tells about actions that will happen later
⭐ Key Points to Remember

✏️ Practice Questions

A. Fill in the Blanks
1. The past tense of "give" is .
2. Regular verbs form the past tense by adding .
3. The future tense of "come" is .
4. "She a beautiful picture yesterday." (draw -- past tense)
5. "They to Jaipur next month." (travel -- future tense)
B. Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which is the past tense of "take"?
(a) taked(b) took(c) taking(d) takes
2. "Priya will dance at the school function." This sentence is in:
(a) past tense(b) present tense(c) future tense(d) none of these
3. Which of these is an irregular verb?
(a) walked(b) jumped(c) went(d) cooked
C. Change the Tense
1. "I eat mangoes in summer." (Past tense)
2. "Ravi walked to the temple." (Future tense)
3. "She will come to my house." (Present tense)
4. "The children played in the park." (Present tense)
🎨 Fun Activity -- Tense Story Chain

Write a short story (5-6 sentences) about a trip to a zoo. Use at least two sentences in each tense -- past, present, and future. Underline the verbs and write the tense next to each sentence.

Want to use this as a worksheet? Switch to the A4 printable view.

Learning Objectives
Let Us Begin!

Imagine you are telling your friend about a cricket match. You might say: "Rohit hit a six yesterday. He plays very well. He will score a century tomorrow!" Notice how the verb changes depending on when the action happens -- yesterday, today, or tomorrow. This change in the verb is called tense. Let us explore all three tenses and learn how verbs behave in each one.

What Are Tenses?

A tense tells us the time of an action. There are three main tenses:

1. Present Tense -- The action is happening now or happens regularly.

"Meera reads a book every evening."

2. Past Tense -- The action already happened, before now.

"Meera read a book last night."

3. Future Tense -- The action has not happened yet; it will happen later.

"Meera will read a book tomorrow."

Think about it: When you say "I ate rice," is the eating happening now, or is it already over? That is how you decide the tense!

Regular Verbs -- The -ed Rule

Most verbs form their past tense by adding -ed at the end. These are called regular verbs.

play → played, walk → walked, cook → cooked, help → helped

Spelling tips:

If the verb ends in e, just add -d: dance → danced, bake → baked.

If the verb ends in a consonant + y, change y to i and add -ed: carry → carried, study → studied.

If a short verb ends in consonant-vowel-consonant, double the last letter: stop → stopped, clap → clapped.

Irregular Verbs -- They Break the Rules!

Some verbs do not follow the -ed rule. Their past tense forms are completely different. You must learn these by heart.

Present TensePast Tense
gowent
eatate
writewrote
seesaw
comecame
givegave
taketook
makemade

Think about it: Can you say "I goed to school"? No! The correct form is "I went to school." That is why irregular verbs need special attention.

Future Tense -- Using "Will"

To talk about something that has not happened yet, we use "will" before the verb.

"I will visit my grandmother next week."

"They will play kabaddi after school."

"Anu will write a letter to her friend."

The verb after "will" always stays in its base form (no -ed, no -s).

Key Words and Meanings
WordMeaning
TenseThe form of a verb that shows when an action happens
Regular verbA verb that forms its past tense by adding -ed
Irregular verbA verb whose past tense does not follow the -ed rule
Base formThe simplest form of a verb (e.g., go, eat, play)
Future tenseA tense that tells about actions that will happen later
Key Points to Remember
Examples from Daily Life
Example 1: At the Market

Present: "Amma buys vegetables every Sunday."

Past: "Amma bought vegetables last Sunday."

Future: "Amma will buy vegetables next Sunday."

Example 2: School Day

Present: "Arjun writes neatly in his notebook."

Past: "Arjun wrote neatly in his notebook yesterday."

Future: "Arjun will write neatly in his test tomorrow."

Example 3: Festival Time

Present: "We make rangoli during Diwali."

Past: "We made a beautiful rangoli last Diwali."

Future: "We will make an even bigger rangoli this year."

Practice Questions

A. Fill in the Blanks

  1. The past tense of "give" is .
  2. Regular verbs form the past tense by adding .
  3. The future tense of "come" is .
  4. "She a beautiful picture yesterday." (draw -- past tense)
  5. "They to Jaipur next month." (travel -- future tense)

B. Multiple Choice Questions

  1. Which is the past tense of "take"?
    (a) taked(b) took(c) taking(d) takes
  2. "Priya will dance at the school function." This sentence is in:
    (a) past tense(b) present tense(c) future tense(d) none of these
  3. Which of these is an irregular verb?
    (a) walked(b) jumped(c) went(d) cooked

C. Change the Tense

Rewrite each sentence in the tense given in brackets.

  1. "I eat mangoes in summer." (Past tense)
  2. "Ravi walked to the temple." (Future tense)
  3. "She will come to my house." (Present tense)
  4. "The children played in the park." (Present tense)

D. Changing Tense Table

Complete the table by filling in the missing forms.

Present TensePast TenseFuture Tense
see
came
will make
write
gave
Fun Activity -- Tense Story Chain

Write a short story (5-6 sentences) about a trip to a zoo. Use at least two sentences in each tense -- past, present, and future. Underline the verbs and write the tense next to each sentence.