EVS / Science

Transport and Communication

Class 4

🎯 Learning Objectives

Students will compare old and modern means of transport and communication.
Students will understand how transport and communication have changed over time.
Students will learn about the postal system in India and the importance of the internet.
Students will understand the responsible use of technology.

📖 Let Us Begin!

Transport means moving people or goods from one place to another. Communication means sharing information, ideas, or messages with others.

Long ago, people walked or used animals to travel. They sent messages through runners or pigeons. Today, we have cars, trains, aeroplanes, mobile phones, and the internet. Let us see how things have changed!

Introduction

Transport means moving people or goods from one place to another. Communication means sharing information, ideas, or messages with others.

Old vs Modern Transport

Old Means	Modern Means	Type
Bullock cart	Car, bus, truck	Land transport
Horse, camel	Train, metro	Land transport
Palanquin (palki)	Auto-rickshaw, taxi	Land transport
Wooden boat	Ship, motorboat	Water transport
Hot air balloon	Aeroplane, helicopter	Air transport

Example

Example: Indian Railways

The first train in India ran on 16 April 1853 from Mumbai (Bombay) to Thane. Today, Indian Railways is one of the largest railway networks in the world, carrying crores of passengers every day.

Old vs Modern Communication

Old Means	Modern Means
Letters (sent by post)	Email, WhatsApp messages
Pigeons (carrier pigeons)	Mobile phones, video calls
Beating drums, blowing horns	Radio, television
Town crier (announcer)	Newspapers, internet, social media

In the past, a letter from Delhi to Chennai could take weeks. Today, an email reaches in seconds!

The Postal System in India

India Post is one of the oldest and largest postal networks in the world. It delivers letters, parcels, and money orders to every corner of India -- from big cities to remote villages. Every area has a PIN code (Postal Index Number) with 6 digits that helps sort and deliver mail correctly.

Example

Example: PIN Code

The PIN code of New Delhi GPO is 110001. The first digit (1) tells us the region (Northern India).

Importance of the Internet

The internet has changed the way we live. We can search for information, attend online classes, talk to relatives in other countries, read books, and even shop -- all from home. In India, the internet helps farmers check weather reports, students learn new things, and doctors treat patients in faraway villages through telemedicine.

Responsible Use of Technology

While technology is very useful, we must use it wisely:

Do not spend too much time on screens. Take breaks and play outdoors.
Never share personal information (address, phone number) with strangers online.
Always ask a parent or teacher before using the internet.
Be polite and kind when messaging or talking to others online.

📝 Key Words

Word	Meaning
Transport	Moving people or goods from one place to another
Communication	Sharing information or messages with others
PIN Code	A 6-digit Postal Index Number used to sort and deliver mail
Internet	A worldwide network that connects computers and allows sharing of information
Technology	Tools, machines, and methods created by science to solve problems

⭐ Key Points to Remember

Transport has changed from bullock carts and horses to cars, trains, and aeroplanes.
Communication has changed from letters and pigeons to phones, email, and the internet.
The first train in India ran in 1853 from Mumbai to Thane.
India Post uses a 6-digit PIN code to deliver mail across the country.
The internet is a powerful tool but must be used responsibly.
Modern transport and communication save time and connect people across the world.

✏️ Practice Questions

A. Fill in the blanks

1. The first train in India ran from to in the year .

2. A PIN code has digits.

3. In olden days, people used to send messages over long distances.

4. The internet helps us search for and attend classes.

B. Write Old or Modern for each

1. Email:

2. Bullock cart:

3. Aeroplane:

4. Carrier pigeon:

5. Metro train:

C. Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which is a modern means of communication?

(a) Pigeon(b) Drum(c) Mobile phone(d) Town crier

2. PIN code stands for:

(a) Post India Number(b) Postal Index Number(c) Parcel Identification Number(d) Post Internal Number

D. Answer in one or two sentences

1. Name two advantages of modern transport over old transport.

2. Why should we use the internet responsibly?

🎨 Fun Activity -- Then and Now

Draw or describe how a message would travel from Jaipur to Kolkata in the olden days and today. Compare the time taken.

Olden Days	Today

Time taken (old): ____________ | Time taken (today): ____________

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Learning Objectives

Students will compare old and modern means of transport and communication.
Students will understand how transport and communication have changed over time.
Students will learn about the postal system in India and the importance of the internet.
Students will understand the responsible use of technology.

Introduction

Transport means moving people or goods from one place to another. Communication means sharing information, ideas, or messages with others.

Old vs Modern Transport

Old Means	Modern Means	Type
Bullock cart	Car, bus, truck	Land transport
Horse, camel	Train, metro	Land transport
Palanquin (palki)	Auto-rickshaw, taxi	Land transport
Wooden boat	Ship, motorboat	Water transport
Hot air balloon	Aeroplane, helicopter	Air transport

Example: Indian Railways

The first train in India ran on 16 April 1853 from Mumbai (Bombay) to Thane. Today, Indian Railways is one of the largest railway networks in the world, carrying crores of passengers every day.

Old vs Modern Communication

Old Means	Modern Means
Letters (sent by post)	Email, WhatsApp messages
Pigeons (carrier pigeons)	Mobile phones, video calls
Beating drums, blowing horns	Radio, television
Town crier (announcer)	Newspapers, internet, social media

In the past, a letter from Delhi to Chennai could take weeks. Today, an email reaches in seconds!

The Postal System in India

Example: PIN Code

The PIN code of New Delhi GPO is 110001. The first digit (1) tells us the region (Northern India).

Key Words and Meanings

Word	Meaning
Transport	Moving people or goods from one place to another
Communication	Sharing information or messages with others
PIN Code	A 6-digit Postal Index Number used to sort and deliver mail
Internet	A worldwide network that connects computers and allows sharing of information
Technology	Tools, machines, and methods created by science to solve problems

Importance of the Internet

Responsible Use of Technology

While technology is very useful, we must use it wisely:

Do not spend too much time on screens. Take breaks and play outdoors.
Never share personal information (address, phone number) with strangers online.
Always ask a parent or teacher before using the internet.
Be polite and kind when messaging or talking to others online.

Key Points to Remember

Transport has changed from bullock carts and horses to cars, trains, and aeroplanes.
Communication has changed from letters and pigeons to phones, email, and the internet.
The first train in India ran in 1853 from Mumbai to Thane.
India Post uses a 6-digit PIN code to deliver mail across the country.
The internet is a powerful tool but must be used responsibly.
Modern transport and communication save time and connect people across the world.

Practice Questions

A. Fill in the blanks

The first train in India ran from to in the year .
A PIN code has digits.
In olden days, people used to send messages over long distances.
The internet helps us search for and attend classes.

B. Write Old or Modern for each

Email:
Bullock cart:
Aeroplane:
Carrier pigeon:
Metro train:

C. Multiple Choice Questions

Which is a modern means of communication?
(a) Pigeon(b) Drum(c) Mobile phone(d) Town crier
PIN code stands for:
(a) Post India Number(b) Postal Index Number(c) Parcel Identification Number(d) Post Internal Number

D. Answer in one or two sentences

Name two advantages of modern transport over old transport.
Why should we use the internet responsibly?

Fun Activity -- Then and Now

Draw or describe how a message would travel from Jaipur to Kolkata in the olden days and today. Compare the time taken.

Olden Days	Today

Time taken (old): ____________ | Time taken (today): ____________

Transport and Communication

🎯 Learning Objectives

📖 Let Us Begin!

Introduction

Old vs Modern Transport

Old vs Modern Communication

The Postal System in India

Importance of the Internet

Responsible Use of Technology

📝 Key Words

✏️ Practice Questions

Science / EVS -- Class 4

Science / EVS -- Class 4 (continued)